{"id":14626,"date":"2019-12-03T03:45:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-03T11:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/?p=14626"},"modified":"2020-02-01T15:23:25","modified_gmt":"2020-02-01T23:23:25","slug":"mauthausen-concentration-camp-turning-away-never-an-option","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/mauthausen-concentration-camp-turning-away-never-an-option\/","title":{"rendered":"Mauthausen Concentration Camp: Because Turning Away is Never an Option"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yes, of course, the four Central European capitals we visited on our <a href=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/grand-circle-blue-danube-river-cruise\/\">Danube River Cruise with Grand Circle<\/a> \u2013 Prague, Czech Republic, <a href=\"http:\/\/travelingboy.com\/archive-travel-tom-vienna_budapest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vienna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/3-things-we-didnt-know-about-austria\/\">Austria<\/a>, Bratislava, Slovakia and <a href=\"http:\/\/travelingboy.com\/archive-travel-tom-budapest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Budapest, Hungary<\/a> \u2013 all wrapped in wonder, overwhelmed with their impressive history, expansive promenades and architectural grandeur. But it was an experience in Linz in Upper Austria that most impacted me \u2013 a visit to the Mauthausen Concentration Camp, one of the first to be built and the last to be liberated.<\/p>\n<p>By way of a little background, as a teenager I had my first visual exposure to the horrors of the Holocaust in some newsreel depictions of the liberation of some camps after the war \u2013 the emaciated survivors with their sunken eyes, gaunt bodies and harrowed auras. I called my mother, who had told me of the Holocaust my whole life, and said: \u201cMom, I finally understand.\u201d Now six decades later, I came to understand even more.<\/p>\n<p>Mauthausen, one of the largest of the camps, was built high upon a hill in Linz, where Hitler was once a resident, near a large quarry. The rationale behind concentration camps evolved over the war years from imprisoning people, enslaving them and engendering fear among the general populace to simply one of extermination. And that was carried out in so many ways. Mauthausen was considered a Level 3 Camp where the guiding principle was that no one left \u2013 everyone was to be killed in some way or other. The SS excelled at very efficient methods of mutilation and annihilation.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14623\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14623\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14623\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Entrance.jpg\" alt=\"entrance to the Mauthausen Concentration Camp, Linz, Austria\" width=\"850\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Entrance.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Entrance-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Entrance-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Entrance-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14623\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The roots of genocide, according to our guide, were fostered in anti-Semitism, an us vs. them mentality, a de-humanization of others who are seen as \u201cless.\u201d It was hard not to draw some parallels to today\u2019s world\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Many bodies engulfed \u201cthe stairs of death\u201d leading to and from the quarry where malnourished and mistreated prisoners were forced to carry very heavy stones up very high stairs and often died in the process. Others were simply pushed down the steps. It becomes difficult to hear the stories as they became so visually enshrined.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14619\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14619\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14619\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Stairs-of-Death.jpg\" alt=\"the Stairs of Death, Mauthausen Concentration Camp, Linz, Austria\" width=\"850\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Stairs-of-Death.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Stairs-of-Death-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Stairs-of-Death-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Stairs-of-Death-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14619\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Other cases involved prisoners forced outside during winter over whom cold water was poured \u2013 a particularly appealing entertainment for the SS guards who delighted in \u201cshowering\u201d people to death \u2013 outside the actual gas chamber showers, that is\u2026. Because any SS who shot an inmate trying to escape got extra days off, a favorite party trick was to entice prisoners into situations where they might appear to be escaping \u2013 and then shoot them. Stomach cringing continues.<\/p>\n<p>Others, sick and beaten, simply died during daily roll call, a grueling process of standing in the heat or cold for 4-5 hours at a time, and being forced to do exercises when most of them could no longer stand. It is hard to hear all of this \u2013 and my stomach clenched and my eyes teared and I was overcome by a sense of helplessness and disbelief that these things actually happened \u2013 and no one cared.<\/p>\n<p>In the barracks hundreds were housed in such horrendous conditions the term unsanitary does not begin to describe the degradation. On the wall is a quote depicting the \u201cwheezing, hissing, moaning, sobbing, snoring\u201d that filled the night-time air in 20 languages. \u201cThe noise fused into a single, terrible sound produced as if by a giant monstrous being that had holed up in the dark.\u201d Another quote:\u201dAnyone who hadn\u2019t been brutal when they entered the world became brutal here.\u201d More gut-wrenching stomach-churning.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14620\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14620\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14620\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Barracks-Wall.jpg\" alt=\"barracks wall, Mauthausen Concentration Camp\" width=\"850\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Barracks-Wall.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Barracks-Wall-600x306.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Barracks-Wall-300x153.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Barracks-Wall-768x392.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14620\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>And then we went through the gas chambers where thousands were killed and then the ovens where their remains were buried, with a side visit to the infirmary where unspeakable \u201cexperiments\u201d were carried out.<\/p>\n<p>And yet the neighbors and surrounding community ostensibly didn\u2019t know what was happening, despite being within earshot of the thousands of prisoners suffering and screaming. In fact, some complained about the noise \u2013 but not about why it was occurring. The grandmother of our guide, who was seven at the time, said she could smell the stench of the burning bodies; she knew something bad was happening but nobody talked about it.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14622\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14622\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14622\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Crematorium.jpg\" alt=\"the crematorium, Mauthausen Concentration Camp\" width=\"850\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Crematorium.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Crematorium-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Crematorium-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Crematorium-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14622\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Of the 200,000 prisoners who occupied Mauthausen from 1938-1945, about half were killed. There were only 20,000 survivors when liberation finally came on May 5, 1945, with another 80,000 already too ill to benefit from the end of the war. Not surprisingly, the liberators were shocked at the condition of the prisoners. I imagine so too were the community members when they were finally exposed to what was really happening in their backyard. At this point, my stomach was in perpetual decompression mode.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14625\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14625\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14625\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Names.jpg\" alt=\"names of camp prisoners, Mauthausen\" width=\"850\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Names.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Names-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Names-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Names-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14625\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There were signs on walls from visitors in multiple languages: RIP, Never Again, and You won\u2019t be forgotten. A simple drawing of an eye with a tear coming down was the one I most related to.<\/p>\n<p>Most of the guards went home after the war suffering no consequences and little was said about what they had done. No one talked about it. According to our guide, it took Austria four decades to acknowledge its part in the Holocaust.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14624\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14624\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14624\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Liberation.jpg\" alt=\"liberation of Mauthausen, 1945\" width=\"850\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Liberation.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Liberation-600x446.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Liberation-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Liberation-768x571.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14624\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There were multiple school groups of teenagers at the camp and I felt thankful they were learning of the atrocities they otherwise would probably have no knowledge of. I wished I could understand what they were saying about their experience. History will now change as there soon will be no survivors, no one to say this is what actually happened, and the Holocaust will be relegated to the status of other historical occurrences which the young will learn about in school but will not relate to. Who really cares about the Crusades? There will be no visceral understanding. It will have nothing to do with them. There will be nothing to keep it from happening again. I only wish I could call my mother and tell her once again, that now I REALLY understand\u2026<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14621\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14621\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14621\" src=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/School-Group-Tour.jpg\" alt=\"school group tour of Mauthausen\" width=\"850\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/School-Group-Tour.jpg 850w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/School-Group-Tour-600x341.jpg 600w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/School-Group-Tour-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/travelingboy.com\/travel\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/School-Group-Tour-768x436.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14621\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photograph by Fyllis Hockman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>For more information, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gct.com\/trips\/river-cruises\/europe\/romantic-blue-danube-budapest-to-prague\/2020\/itineraries?icid=global:itineraries:europe-by-river-cruise:edr2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Danube River Cruise Tour page<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yes, of course, the four Central European capitals we visited on our Danube River Cruise with Grand Circle \u2013 Prague, Czech Republic, Vienna, Austria, Bratislava, Slovakia and Budapest, Hungary \u2013 all wrapped in wonder, overwhelmed with their impressive history, expansive promenades and architectural grandeur. But it was an experience in Linz in Upper Austria that most impacted me.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":14623,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1639,17],"tags":[42,1340,1167,127,242,3158,1834,3159,3160,247],"class_list":["post-14626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-life-lessons","category-world-travel","tag-austria","tag-cruise","tag-danube-river","tag-europe","tag-history","tag-holocaust","tag-linz","tag-mauthausen-concentration-camp","tag-ss","tag-world-war-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mauthausen Concentration Camp, Austria: Traveling Boy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"On a Danube River cruise, it was an experience in Linz in Upper Austria that most impacted me \u2013 a 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